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International Day of People with disability.

 


Disability is any state associated with specially-abled person who sustain a condition from doing things in a way other person around him do. It creates difficulties for a person to do certain actions or well interactions with the world around them materially or socially. Such conditions/impairment may be rational, intellectual, mental, physical, and developmental or a combination of multiple factors, these causes of disability may be present from birth or can be developed during a lifetime.

The word disability applies to everyone dealing with any form of incapacities. It is present among everyone be it temporarily or permanent, at some point of life one has to experience the disability, it’s a part of being Human. According to the research over one billion (15% of the global population) lives with some form of disability and the number of people having it is increasing rapidly.

It mostly results from the interaction between individuals having a health condition i.e; down syndrome, cerebral palsy and depression also any environmental factors which may include negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and limited social support.

Disability of a person can be categorized in several parts including intellectual, neurological & cognitive disorders, physical, psychiatric and sensory disorders.

Ø      Intellectual disability:

o   Persons having this disorder have lower intelligence and lack of skills for doing day to day actions. Down syndrome is one of the type Intellectual disabilities due to abnormal division of cells (from chromosomes 21).

Ø      Neurological disorders:

o   This type of disability develops for lifetime, it occurs either by brain injury or by multiple sclerosis. A communication problem between a body and its brain is created by the cells that are attacked by its immunity system.

Ø      Physical disorders:

o   Most of the specially-abled people have this type of disability, the effects can be from circulatory system, respiratory systems or to the nervous system. One of the most common type is Cerebral palsy (damaged brain or problem in movement), it can be seen since birth.

Ø      Psychiatric disorder:

o   In this type of disorder a person faces depression, anxiety, or various kind/form of phobia.

Ø      Sensory disorder:

o   People having difficulties in speech and hearing impairment falls in this type of disorder.

Disable people usually have less access to education and work opportunities due to which they are more likely to live in poverty than those without a disability. Proper health care facilities are not received to mostly people living in the third world countries as poverty is at its peak in such countries and mostly people cannot afford health care. We can say that the actual disability is present in the society not in the person as;

o   A person using a wheelchair may have a problem using it on its own not because of his/her condition but the actual reason is the barriers present in the society including inaccessible buses r staircases in the work place obstructing the person’s access.

o Intellectual disable people face difficulties due to the teacher’s attitudes towards them showing unprofessionalism and most importantly parents who have no idea how to discover the disable person’s different capabilities, they should know the he/she is differently abled to motivate them in whatever then can do for their growth.


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References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability

https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1

https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/faqs.htm

 

 

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